There were 1,284,537 adult cancer patients in the cohort who survived for 5 years or longer, with an average follow-up time of 13 years after the first cancer diagnosis. About 25% of cancer survivors received radiotherapy as part of the initial treatment of their first cancer, and more than 90% of these received some form of external beam radiation. Few patients had a first cancer that was staged as distant (3–4%), and this proportion was similar in both radiotherapy and nonradiotherapy groups (Table 1). Compared with the overall cohort, patients who developed second bone sarcomas (n = 159) were slightly younger at initial cancer diagnosis and were more likely to have previously received radiotherapy. Furthermore, in the group of patients who developed a second bone sarcoma after previous radiotherapy, there was a higher percentage of females (67%) and distant-staged first cancers (11%) than in the cohort as a whole.
Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of 1,284,537 five-year adult cancer survivorsa according to previous radiotherapy and development of bone sarcoma as a second malignancy (SEER 9 registries: 1973–2008)
Cases of second bone sarcomas Cohort
Characteristic RT No RT RT No RT
N 70b 89 327,532 957,005
Mean latency, y 10.7 11.8 NA NA
Mean age at first cancer, y 54.1 54.0 58.2 55.7
Stage of first cancer
% Local/regional 64 73 75 80
% Distant 11 2 3 4
% Unknownc 24 25 22 16
Gender
% Male 33 45 44 40
% Female 67 55 56 60
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