As a mom and as an advocate for our fellow sarcoma fighters, there needs to be safety nets in place for all fighting ASPS and what it can and will bring to the table .
Stress and consequently depression .
We all need to be vigilant to our loved ones needs and wants , and address them as they appear .
The cost benefit factor.
I will never discount a person’s need for asking for help as the request and the response from that request is AS important as the meds to help fight the sarcoma .
Much love
The Influence of Antidepressants on the Immune System
Abstract
Depression is one of the most frequently diagnosed condition in psychiatry. Despite the availability of many preparations, over 30% of treated patients do not achieve remission. Recently the emphasis is put on the contribution of the body’s inflammatory response as one of the causes of depression. The interactions between nervous and immune systems are the main issue addressed by psychoneuroimmunology. In patients suffering from depression changes in the plasma concentrations of cytokines and in the number and level of activation of immune cells has been found. Attention is paid to the high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, the prevalence of Th1 responses to Th2, weakening of NK cell cytotoxicity and changes in lymphocyte proliferation and apoptosis. A number of studies focus on influence of antidepressants and non-standard methods of depression treatment, such as ketamine infusion, on patients’ immunology. Many of them seem to regulate the immune responses. The study results encourage to look for new ways to treat depression with immunomodulatory drugs. In this article authors present the current knowledge about immune system changes accompanying depression as well as the study results showing the influence of drugs on the immune system, especially in the context of reducing the symptoms of depression.
Keywords: Depression, Antidepressants, Lymphocytes, Cytokines, Proliferation, Apoptosis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6509093/
And much prayers,
The Influence of Antidepressants on the Immune System
The Influence of Antidepressants on the Immune System
Last edited by D.ap on Tue Dec 31, 2019 5:11 pm, edited 2 times in total.
Debbie
The Central Role of Inflammation Associated with Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatments
Abstract
An important function of the immune system is its ability to differentiate between healthy cells in the organism and “foreign” cells, allowing the latest to be attacked and the first ones to be conserved. The most important molecules in this process are considered to be checkpoint inhibitors. This review is focused on the association between cancer and inflammation, underlying the mechanisms of action of monoclonal antibodies that are targeting checkpoint inhibitors: ipilimumab against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and pembrolizumab and nivolumab against programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), their indications for treatment, and side effects. Presence of antibodies against checkpoint inhibitors shows promising results in the clinical trials in patients with types of cancer difficult to treat until now such as melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and renal cell carcinoma, offering an increase in the overall survival rate, response rate, and progression-free rate. Resistance is now observed to emerge in patients treated with this therapy, showing the need for more studies in order to design a biomarker that will predict the type of response to immunotherapy.
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jir/2018/4625472/
An important function of the immune system is its ability to differentiate between healthy cells in the organism and “foreign” cells, allowing the latest to be attacked and the first ones to be conserved. The most important molecules in this process are considered to be checkpoint inhibitors. This review is focused on the association between cancer and inflammation, underlying the mechanisms of action of monoclonal antibodies that are targeting checkpoint inhibitors: ipilimumab against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and pembrolizumab and nivolumab against programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), their indications for treatment, and side effects. Presence of antibodies against checkpoint inhibitors shows promising results in the clinical trials in patients with types of cancer difficult to treat until now such as melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and renal cell carcinoma, offering an increase in the overall survival rate, response rate, and progression-free rate. Resistance is now observed to emerge in patients treated with this therapy, showing the need for more studies in order to design a biomarker that will predict the type of response to immunotherapy.
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jir/2018/4625472/
Debbie
Inflammation in Depression and the Potential for Anti-Inflammatory Treatment
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports an association between depression and inflammatory processes, a connection that seems to be bidirectional. Clinical trials have indicated antidepressant treatment effects for anti-inflammatory agents, both as add-on treatment and as monotherapy. In particular, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and cytokine-inhibitors have shown antidepressant treatment effects compared to placebo, but also statins, poly-unsaturated fatty acids, pioglitazone, minocycline, modafinil, and corticosteroids may yield antidepressant treatment effects. However, the complexity of the inflammatory cascade, limited clinical evidence, and the risk for side effects stress cautiousness before clinical application. Thus, despite proof-of-concept studies of anti-inflammatory treatment effects in depression, important challenges remain to be investigated. Within this paper, we review the association between inflammation and depression together with the current evidence on use of anti-inflammatory treatment in depression. Based on this, we address the questions and challenges that seem most important and relevant to future studies, such as timing, most effective treatment lengths and identification of subgroups of patients potentially responding better to different anti-inflammatory treatment regimens.
Keywords: Antidepressants, anti-inflammatory treatment, celecoxib, cytokine-inhibitors, depression, inflammation, statins
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5050394/
Accumulating evidence supports an association between depression and inflammatory processes, a connection that seems to be bidirectional. Clinical trials have indicated antidepressant treatment effects for anti-inflammatory agents, both as add-on treatment and as monotherapy. In particular, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and cytokine-inhibitors have shown antidepressant treatment effects compared to placebo, but also statins, poly-unsaturated fatty acids, pioglitazone, minocycline, modafinil, and corticosteroids may yield antidepressant treatment effects. However, the complexity of the inflammatory cascade, limited clinical evidence, and the risk for side effects stress cautiousness before clinical application. Thus, despite proof-of-concept studies of anti-inflammatory treatment effects in depression, important challenges remain to be investigated. Within this paper, we review the association between inflammation and depression together with the current evidence on use of anti-inflammatory treatment in depression. Based on this, we address the questions and challenges that seem most important and relevant to future studies, such as timing, most effective treatment lengths and identification of subgroups of patients potentially responding better to different anti-inflammatory treatment regimens.
Keywords: Antidepressants, anti-inflammatory treatment, celecoxib, cytokine-inhibitors, depression, inflammation, statins
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5050394/
Debbie
Inflammatory stress and sarcomagenesis: a vicious interplay
ABSTRACT
Chronic inflammation represents one of the hallmarks of cancer, but its role in sarcomagenesis has long been overlooked. Sarcomas are a rare and heterogeneous group of tumors of mesenchymal origin accounting for less than 1 % of cancers in adults but 21 % of cancers in the pediatric population. Sarcomas are associated with bad prognosis, and their management requires a multidisciplinary team approach. Several lines of evidence indicate that inflammation has been implicated in sarcomagenesis leading to the activation of the key transcription factors HIF-1, NF- κB, and STAT-3 involved in a complex inflammatory network. In the past years, an increasing number of new targets have been identified in the treatment of sarcomas leading to the development of new drugs that aim to interrupt the vicious connection between inflammation and sarcomagenesis. This article makes a brief overview of preclinical and clinical evidence of the molecular pathways involved in the inflammatory stress response in sarcomagenesis and the most targeted therapies.
Keywords: Sarcoma, Inflammation, Epidemiology, Genetics, Therapy, Signaling pathways
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3857425
/
Chronic inflammation represents one of the hallmarks of cancer, but its role in sarcomagenesis has long been overlooked. Sarcomas are a rare and heterogeneous group of tumors of mesenchymal origin accounting for less than 1 % of cancers in adults but 21 % of cancers in the pediatric population. Sarcomas are associated with bad prognosis, and their management requires a multidisciplinary team approach. Several lines of evidence indicate that inflammation has been implicated in sarcomagenesis leading to the activation of the key transcription factors HIF-1, NF- κB, and STAT-3 involved in a complex inflammatory network. In the past years, an increasing number of new targets have been identified in the treatment of sarcomas leading to the development of new drugs that aim to interrupt the vicious connection between inflammation and sarcomagenesis. This article makes a brief overview of preclinical and clinical evidence of the molecular pathways involved in the inflammatory stress response in sarcomagenesis and the most targeted therapies.
Keywords: Sarcoma, Inflammation, Epidemiology, Genetics, Therapy, Signaling pathways
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3857425
/
Debbie
Chronic Pain and Depression—Why Antidepressants Treat Both
“Chronic pain and major depression have a shared neurobiology and appear to have a shared neuroanatomy, with similar disturbances to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, autonomic nervous system (ANS), and inflammatory cytokines.3-5
Stress, anxiety, and depression not only provoke emotional distress, but also destabilize the HPA axis.6 Additionally, the ANS is often dysregulated in depression and chronic pain states. Finally, the cell-mediated immune system is also affected, resulting in over-production of inflammatory cytokines and diminished production of anti-inflammatory cytokines.7-9 Interestingly, similar changes also occur in patients with chronic pain. There is growing evidence that these changes (HPA axis, ANS, and cytokine deregulation) play an important role in creating clinical depression and destabilizing an individual's innate pain-regulating system.10,11“
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.practi ... /amp/12188
Stress, anxiety, and depression not only provoke emotional distress, but also destabilize the HPA axis.6 Additionally, the ANS is often dysregulated in depression and chronic pain states. Finally, the cell-mediated immune system is also affected, resulting in over-production of inflammatory cytokines and diminished production of anti-inflammatory cytokines.7-9 Interestingly, similar changes also occur in patients with chronic pain. There is growing evidence that these changes (HPA axis, ANS, and cytokine deregulation) play an important role in creating clinical depression and destabilizing an individual's innate pain-regulating system.10,11“
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.practi ... /amp/12188
Debbie